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The KHO News is published monthly
for friends of John and Jamal, covering
news and their life and times in Bali.
September 2008
Read the Full In Depth No Holes Barred Exciting Report on Page 5
JetStar A$ 1,391 return in the same time period
CUT-price airline AirAsia X has announced it is to begin new 4 per week, Kuala Lumpur to Melbourne A-330 Flights in November. Trade Minister Theo Theophanous said this was great news for Victorians, for local business and international education services. "The airline flying to Melbourne is yet another impressive aviation victory" Mr Theophanous said. Additional flights are planned moving to daily services from March next year. 
JetStar has announced it will cease flying from MEL/SYD to Kuala Lumpur from September.
Aug 26 00:00 Hrs: Air Asia launched the 6 day mother of all airline ticket sales with one million free seats available. 
We needed tickets to Melbourne for June - July to attend John's mum Nancy's 90th birthday bash.
We were on-line at 00:00 Hrs an got two FREE return tickets on the new Kuala Lumpur-Melbourne flight for only the cost of the taxes, A$ 399 ea. That's less than a third the cost of one Bali return JetStar ticket. 
Jamal is so happy because he hasn't been to Australia since 1997. I just hope Keven gives Jamal visa.
Ticket Breakdown
Jun 23 DPS-KUL 1535-1835 
45.30
Jun 24 KUL-MEL 1340-2340
127.05
Jul 09 MEL-KUL 1045-0700
172.26
Jul 11 KUL-DPS 1900-2200
54.74
                Total     399.35
Meal A$ 6.80 & Baggage A$10 Extra
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 2
 
Galungan
Long Bamboo Poles called "Penjor" Decorate the Streets of Bali for Galungan
August 20: The Balinese commenced the celebration of Galungan which occurs every 210 days on the Balinese calendar. 
The celebration starts on the Wednesday with everyone returning home to their families. 
The festivities continue until 10 days later when Kuningan is celebrated.
Warung Sobat was closed Aug 20-23 for the celebrations.
KHO Makeover
While John was in Melbourne Jamal's brother Deni arrived from hometown Bandung to do the annual paint and touch up of the KHO helped by our current resident helper Erik - Jamal's grand nephew.
Deni Painting the KHO Roof
Deni and John made a new ceiling book shelf to add more storage space to the existing one.
New Ceiling Bookshelf
During the period Erik returned to Bandung for a weeks holiday, returning 4 days after John's return from Australia.
Garuda Recruits Liz
Liz and Jamal at Warung Sobat
KHO friend Liz, who just spent a "GAP" year in Indonesia is now working for Garuda as ground staff in Perth, Australia. Liz formerly worked for British Airways as cabin crew and has years of experience in the industry. She recently flew Air Asia and said it was the most unbelievable airline she had ever flown. She plans in the future to use her staff concession to fly to Bali for our Friday night dinners.
Spanish Flies
Spanish carrier Gadair European Airlines is seeking to establish air service between Spain and Indonesia.
Ines To Build Mega Villa
Bali identity Ines  has just bought a quarter of a hectare of land just north of Bali's famed Tanalot Temple.
Tanalot Temple
Soon she will start building her fully aircon mega villa including a gymnasium and an extra room for her cats. The dogs will stay outside.
Benoa Expansion
Bali's Benoa Port will soon be enlarged by dredging shallow areas of the harbor currently inaccessible to shipping. Currently large cruise ships anchor off Padangbai and the passengers are ferried in to the port by cruise ship life boats.
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 3
 
Hulu Café Burns
Drag Show at Hulu Cafè
BALI AUGUST 18: Kuta's legendary Hulu Café drag show venue was burnt down in an early morning blaze. Hulu Café is well known to Bali visitors as a bar featuring musical programs featuring transvestite and drag show cabaret performances offered on almost a nightly basis. Local authorities report that the fire began at 10:30 am was responded to by 10 fire trucks who worked ferociously to successfully contain the blaze to a single building in an area of tightly packed buildings. Firefighters complained that their efforts to put out the fire were frustrated by non-functioning fire hydrants located at the Rama Garden and Casa Padma hotels. However the fire was extinguished in just over an hour. Police and fire authorities continue to investigate the cause.
Air Paradise
TEMPO BALI reports that Bali businessman Made Wiranatha would still love to relaunch his failed Air Paradise airline. Wiranatha told reporters in Bali on August 14, 2008, that he is seeking around Rp. 250 billion (US$27.2 million) to secure a minimum of three airplanes to commence flight operations. He also told the press that he is hopeful that Bali's newly elected governor, Made Pastika, will support the existence of a Bali-owned and Bali-based international airline. Kadek's view is that Bali needs an airline to establish direct flight services with key potential markets in China, Russia, India and the Middle East. Oddly no mention was made about re-commencing flights to Australia.
Garuda Hiring
GARUDA INDONESIA will recruit 200 new pilots as well as hundreds of cabin crew needed to fly their fleet of new Boeing 737-800's.
AirAsia Revenue Up 41%
 Profit Down 95%
KUALA LUMPUR - Based AirAsia announced its net profit plummeted 95% in the second quarter compared with a year ago, blaming high fuel costs and foreign exchange losses. The carrier posted a net profit of 9.4 Mill. ringgit (A$3.4 Mill.) for the three months to June, compared with 185.1 Mill. ringgit a year earlier. 'This is a commendable performance given that unit fuel price increased by 65% to $142.50/ barrel' said chief executive Tony Fernandes, adding that revenues increased 41% in the quarter to 608 Mill. ringgit, with a 20% increase in PAX load and a 16% rise in fares.
Air Asia Blog
Have your say about Air Asia on the new Air Asia Blog.
MELBOURNE: Good friends Denny & Bradley have bought a house in the Melbourne front stalls suburb of
Caulfield. The house has two bedrooms, separate living and 
dining areas, a computer study with Tasmanian oak floors throughout 
A modern kitchen and state of the art laundry, parking 
for 2 cars and a large front yard that Bradley plans to turn in to a tropical Balinese garden, no mean feat in Melbourne's cold climate. But knowing Bradley's green thumb, he will succeed. We wish them luck.
Kerobokan Home Office News - June 2007
Page 4
 
John's 64th Birthday
A Dinner was held at Warung Sobat on John's birthday eve Aug 27.
Jamal & John
Yvonne & Robert
Wiwin & Ines
 
Erik
Wilhelm & Gurda
Henrik & Irma
Deni
A Dinner was held at Clive & Wendy's Villas in Soca for Clive's 60th July 6 and Wendy Aug 27
Clive & Robert 
Wendy, Dewa & John
Jamal tries a cigar
Wiwin
Ines & Serg
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 5
 
August 19, 2008 John traveled from Sydney to Singapore on the new Super Jumbo Airbus 380.
Melbourne August 19 6:59 AM 
I began my epic journey by tram from my St Kilda house to the City on a good old Melbourne tram.
Melbourne Tram
Then a second tram from Swanston St to the new Southern Cross Railways station. A$2.20
Southern Cross Station
At Southern Cross Station I boarded the expensive A$16, 20 min SkyBus to Melbourne Airport.
Melbourne Airport Skybus
At Melbourne airport I checked-in for my 09:15, A$ 82, 1 hour Virgin Blue flight to Sydney. 
Virgin Blue landing in Sydney
As the Virgin Blue 737-800 taxied to the terminal at Sydney Airport, I caught my first glimpse of the Airbus 380 in a parking bay. One could immediately see that the aircraft was huge and towered above other jets parked nearby.
Then after collecting my baggage I took the train from the Virgin Blue domestic terminal to the Sydney International Terminal, A$6.50.
Sydney Airport Train Station
Went straight to the Singapore Airlines check-in for my Airbus 380, SQ 222 flight to Singapore. Although I was early many people had already arrived to check-in.
John's First view of the A-380 at Sydney Airport
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 6
 
Sydney A-380 Check-In
All Tagged and Ready to Go
Boarding the Airbus 380 was surprisingly fast with a separate aerobridge for each deck.
My seat 79K was in the rear economy section, upper deck. On entering the aircraft I walked through the business class section with its huge 2 seat wide seats that convert into a bed and comes  with a computer work station & LCD Tv.
6 Seat across Business Class
The A-380 uses 2 Aero Bridges, one for each deck
Upperdeck Baggage Bins
Upperdeck side "Glove Boxes"
Seatback LCD Screen
Each economy seat features a wide LCD screen with a removable handset/remote/games controller. You can choose from of dozens of movies, news, games and flight tracker. There is a USB port, Video input and a LAN plug. You can make inflight phone calls to any seat on the aircraft for free, or call internationally using your credit card. These calls are not cheap.
SQ A-380 Fares
AU$ Fares for Nov 08 ReturnTravel
Suites SYD-SIN $
9,945.12
SYD-LON $
22,544.82
Business SYD-SIN $
4,523.10
SYD-LON $
11,229.82
Economy SYD-SIN $
1,165.12
SYD-LON $
2,526.12
SYD-Sydney/SIN-Singapore/ LON-London
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 7
 
Deluxe First Class Double Suite
The upper deck economy section has a 2 x 4 x 2 seating configuration and looks similar to an Airbus 330 cabin whilst the main deck is configured like a 747 @ 3 x 4 x 3.
The First Class section features 12 single suites, the wall is removable between the 4 central suites making 2 double suites. All feature large LCD screens, computer work station, international telephone, USB port, laptop power and lots of complimentary champagne.
Due to the curve of the ceiling on the upper deck the seats are set in from the windows, side baggage bins are not full size and cannot take regulation size cabin bags.
A-380 Cross Section
The Singapore Airlines A-380 is configured with 399 economy, 60 business & 12 first class seats, a total of 471 seats  John's Seat
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 8
 
Sydney August 19 3:25pm: we taxied out to Sydney's 4 kilometer long Runway 34 left for a take-off into the north affording a great view of Sydney city, the harbor and the harbor bridge. The take-off was lumbering and long and the fuselage creaked in protest as the aircraft became airborne.
Sydney Airport
Very Quiet
First impression was how quiet the aircraft is, especially as I was sitting at the back, usually the noisiest position. The extra thick cabin wall no doubt shielding the noise.
Very Thick Cabin Wall
Flimsy Feel
In turbulence the aircraft felt very flimsy, with the fuselage bending and twisting. But this is how Airbus get such good fuel economy by building the lightest, yet strong state of the art structure. Before aircraft had to be built to handle extra stress pilots may put on an aircraft. With Airbus fly-by-wire, the pilot directs the computer to perform maneuvers which it does, but will not allow the aircraft to fly outside it's design stress parameters.
John Relaxed and relieved
after an extremely long Take-Off
Service
Well Laden Bar Trolley
After Take-Off we were given a menu for the flight. In no time at all I was sipping on a nice cool "Singapore Sling".
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 9
 
After the drink trolley coming past twice (how civilized) dinner was served, I opted for the stir fried beef, black peppercorn sauce with selected vegetables and steamed rice. Very nice indeed.
Overflying Bali
I had my flight tracker on, waiting for the moment we flew over Bali. We were over the top of Bali airport beacon at 19:06, at that point changed course slightly to the north and headed straight to Singapore airport.
Flight Tracker
Overflying Bali at Sunset
Aperitifs
       Campari
       Dry Vermouth
Spirits
       Cognac Ostard VSOP
       Johnnie Walker red Label
       Jim Beam Black Label
       Gordons Dry Gin
       Smirnoff Red Label Vodka
       Bacardi Superior
Liqueurs
       Cointreau
       Baileys Original irish Cream
Wines
       Red Wine - Shiraz
       White Wine - Chardonnay
       White Wine - Reisling
Cocktail
       Singapore Sling
Selection of Beers and Soft Drinks
Dinner
Appetiser
      Spiral pasta, basil pesto and tuna
Main Courses
      Roasted Chicken served with 
      mustard sauce, assorted 
      vegetables and Lyonnaise potato
      or
      Stir fried beef, black peppercorn 
      sauce with selected vegetables 
      and steamed rice
Cheese
      Cheese and crackers
Desert
      Rich chocolate ice cream
From the bakery
      Bread roll and butter
Hot beverages
      Coffee - Tea
Supper
Light bites
      Malay fried egg noodle with beef
      or
      Chicken and mushroom pie
Hot beverages
      Coffee - Tea
What a treat, but then one does pay for it, Singapore Airlines don't disappoint and live up to their five star reputation. The cabin crew we couldn't fault, always attentive, nothing a problem and service with a smile. How refreshing compared to that other hole in the wall airline.
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 10
 
Flight Attendant Sophia Lim takes me on a tour of the Airbus 380
Checking out the Spacious Toilet
The Rear Stairs
One of the 10 Galleys
The Cockpit
The rear lower deck Economy Class cabin with 3 x 4 x 3 seating
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 11
 
About an hour out of Singapore everyone was nodding off with the dimmed cabin lighting. Suddenly the lights were turned up full and 
the cabin crew entered singing "Happy Birthday", to my surprise they came to me with a cake, a Singapore Sling and a card.
I wondered how did they know it was my birthday, which actually it wasn't, still 9 days to go. Then I remembered when I had problems over them changing the aircraft, (see the May edition of the KHO News) I mentioned the 380 flight was my birth -day present to my self.
10:25 pm Singapore time: After a flight time of 7 hours and 36 minutes we touched down at Singapore's Changi airport after a memorable and enjoyable flight.
Disembarkation was fast as Singapore Airport also has upper and lower aerobridges for the A380 in the new Changi Terminal 3.
After a speedy transit through Immigration and Customs it was down to the train station for the quick A$1.46, 20 minute trip to downtown and Geylang where I booked into Hotel 81 Gold. A$57pn.
It was 19 hours since I boarded the tram in St Kilda, I was absolutely exhausted. I checked in to the hotel and after a hot shower crashed.
Hotel 81 Gold
The Hotel 81 chain has over 20 low budget hotels around Singapore, they are purposefully built, each room having a window, air-conditioning, 
cable Tv and coffee making facilities. The only difference to more 
expensive hotels is that the rooms are small, but more than adequate for a good nights sleep.
Up at 8am the next morning and out to one of Gaylang's many
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 12
 
Geylang Coffee Shop
coffee shops for breakfast. In Singapore's Geylang I love to have Roti Prata for breakfast.
Roti Prata is really a middle eastern dish with bread fried with egg and many sauces.
all washed down with Malaysian condensed milk coffee.
Geyland is one of the few old areas of Singapore that hasn't been totally demolished for urban renewal.
Geylang Shop House
I checked out of the hotel at 12pm, had lunch and took the SMRT train back to Changi airport for the last leg of my trip, the 4:40 Boeing 777 flight to Bali. I had never traveled on a Boeing 777 before. The flight was pleasant with dinner being served. I arrived in Bali and stood in the immigration queue for over an hour, what a contrast to Singapore. I was met by Jamal and good friend Wiwin. A pleasant ending to my SQ marathon Melbourne - Bali A-380 adventure.
My first flight Boeing 777 waiting for us to board at Changi
History in the Making
A380 maiden flight on 27 April 2005 from Toulouse, France
The Airbus A380 is the largest passenger airliner in the world, it made its maiden flight on 27 April 2005 from Toulouse, France, and its first commercial flight on 25 October 2007 from Singapore to Sydney. It was known as the Airbus A3XX during its development phase, but the nickname Superjumbo has since become associated with it.
A-380's Range is 15,200 Km
The A380's upper deck extends  almost the entire length of the fuselage. This allows for a cabin with 50% more floor space than the next-largest airliner, the Boeing 747-400, and provides seating for
525 people in standard three-class configuration or up to 853 people in all economy class configuration.
Major Milestone
In John's lifetime many major aviation events have happened,  his flight from Sydney is a major milestone in his aviation history.
Early days it was always about the fastest airliner, then in 1977 it became about the biggest with the arrival of the Boeing 747, no 30 years old. Many new passenger aircraft have been designed and built in the last 30 years, but none faster or bigger than the 747.
De Havilland Comet
British Overseas Airways flies first ever jet service London to Johannesburg. The aircraft suffered catastrophic metal fatigue problems. And many crashed.
PanAm Boeing 707
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page13
 
First trans Atlantic service. Heralded the death knell of trans Atlantic passenger shipping.
British Airways Concord
First Supersonic airliner. The Americans couldn't compete, decided 4 x the size, half the speed, thus the Boeing 747 was born.
The Boeing 747 "Jumbo Jet"
First flown by PanAm, New York to London. The aircraft revolutionized air travel. It was the last major historical passenger airliner event.
The Airbus A380
Fill 'er up Please?
A$ 403,000 Thanks
The A-380 has a total fuel capacity of 310,00 litres, that means at today's prices it would cost around A$403,000 to Fill 'er up.
The A-380 consumes about 20 litres per kilometre, making the fuel consumption for the Sydney - Singapore run of 6,200 Km around 124,000 litres or A$161,200.
27 Km Per Litre
Singapore Airlines studies show that the A-380 burns about 20% less fuel than the Boeing 747. Just what is needed with the high cost of fuel.
A380 Wheel Base 30.4 meters
The A-380 all digital Cockpit
John with Indonesian friend Yongie flying over Melbourne 1994
It is a well known fact amongst KHO News readers that John is a total aviation nut. Therefore one can understand John's excitement over his Airbus 380 flight from Sydney to Singapore Aug 19, 2008.
John Tells His Story
I first became interested in flying when as a kid I would watch the Gypsy Moth crop dusters spreading
DeHavalland Gypsy Moth
super phosphate in my hometown of Leongatha in South Gippsland Victoria, Australia.
Pilots Licence
On the 23-5-1968 at the age of 24,  I applied for and received a student pilot's licence and began my training for a private pilots 
licence. Two years later I passed the exams and flying tests and received my unrestricted private pilots licence.  Licence No: 00773
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 14
 
John's 1st Aircraft - A Cessna 150B at Lakes Entrance, Victoria
John on a training Flight
In 1970 I bought my first aircraft a Cessna 150B, VH-WCH. The aircraft was distinctive from later C-150's as it had a straight tail. The Aircraft was the only C-150 in Australia fitted with long range tanks, had 8 hours endurance and could fly  Melbourne to Sydney, non-stop. I flew WCH all over eastern Australia, and even across the sea 3 times to Tasmania and a number of times into Kingsford-Smith International in Sydney. The aircraft is still flying and is based in Balmoral, NSW,
WCH At Melbourne Airport
WCH Taking off from Leongatha
Checking the Cessna's Oil
Aviation Adventure
Auster J5B VH-SNK
In 1975 I bought my self a new aircraft an antique four seat British Auster J5B, built in 1955. There was only one catch the aircraft was stationed at Corfield, Queensland. Just on 2000 kilometres from Melbourne. Being and old aircraft the Auster had a cruising speed of 150 km per hour, which translated into 13+ flying hours, not taking into account the many landings for refuelling. I booked on the Thursday evening to fly to Brisbane. Next morning taking the Folker F-27 service to Longreach, then a small Twin-Otter to Winton.
Mum Nancy comes along
I had deliberately not told my mother of this adventure as she would "worry herself sick"  Two days before departing my mother found out from someone in the family and was on the phone. I said
to her why don't you come along, if we crash you will be there and not sitting at home worrying. To my surprise she decided to join me.
Flight Preparation
I was buying the aircraft sight unseen although the owner had sent me a small photo. He told me it had no radio - this I would need if I was to fly into Moorabbin Airport, Melbourne. In those days the rest of the trip you could get away with out a radio. Just submit your flight plan at the public phone at the airstrip, then call again after you had landed. I had an old "Bayside" radio I had taken out of the Cessna when I bought a new one. I wired it up with 2 x 6 volt lantern batteries and made an antenna from a coat hanger. This I would install on the wing strut of the Auster with sticky tape in order to get into Melbourne.
We Fly in to Winton
The Friday we were off to Brisbane, Mum and I had dinner and we got an early night. Next morning we were up at dawn for the flight to Winton. The owner flew the aircraft down there from his farm in Corfield. We arrived and met the owner and had a pleasant lunch at the local pub. We filled out all the change of ownership forms and handed over the cheque.
Kerobokan Home Office News - June 2007
Page 15
 
John with his father, Jack at John's private strip on John's farm
The Auster Aircraft was fabric covered, just like a kids model plane. There was a gaping hole in one side of the fuselage covered with newspaper and sticky tape. The owner apologized that he had hit a sheep the previous day. I knew this was not critical, as after all the Wright Brothers didn't even bother covering the fuselage. We discovered the seats had long fallen apart and were only just ply-wood and the sliding window were  missing. No problem in hot Queensland, but would be once we were down south. After a complete pre-take off check and re-fuel we started the aircraft. The aircraft had electric start but of course the battery had long ago died, so i had to hand start the aircraft by swinging the huge propeller by hand, while Mum hung on to the 
John with Auster VH-SNK
brakes. No way we want to be chased across the paddock by a pilotless plane. It was late afternoon when we departed for Longreach 176 km, taking us just over an hour. On arrival we checked into the Motel. I went to bed early as I had had it. Mum asked the hotel owner to find some foam rubber to put on the aircraft's 3-ply seats, after all we had more than 12 hours of flying to do. We also found some 3-ply to close off the windows.
John and friend Erik with the Auster at Tyabb, Victoria
The only problem was we could not see out either side. First stop was Barcaldin where we refuelled. On take-off we heard a large bang at the back, the tail wheel tire had blown out. Not to worry, the old Tiger Moths just had a metal skid. We made Charleville by lunch time, ate our sandwiches and refuelled. Rather expensive as they only sold 44 gallon drums and we had to pay for a full one even though we only needed half. We took off and flew to Cunnamulla, on the way the engine started missing and was running very rough, but we were able to maintain airspeed. At Cunnamulla we refuelled an I cleaned all the eight spark plugs. We started up again and the engine ran perfectly. Just before dark we arrived in Bourke where we stayed in a real Aussie Pub. Very colourful,
Mum was most amused. We took off early and headed for Cobar. Take-off was always difficult trying to hold on to the breaks, full
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 16
 
Hand Starting the Auster
throttle and then try and ease the weight of the tail wheel before commencing the take-off run. Then on to Griffith, back to civilization, we enjoyed a simple lunch at the aero club. All went well until we were about an hour from Melbourne and the oil pressure dropped. I immediately cut the engine so it would not seize and looked out the window for a suitable landing spot. I could not believe my eyes we were right over the top of Mangalore airport.
I made a glide landing approach to the airport, notifying the controller on the ground frequency. Private pilots always did that in the old days as they only recorded the tower frequency - that way we would not have to report the incident and suffer an investigation. We landed 
safely and Mum and I pushed the aircraft in off the runway. The problem was we had just simply 
run out of oil. The Gypsy Major engine in the Auster was designed to burn oil and that it did. The tower controller came down and found us some oil. Soon we were off again to Moorabbin, where a group of friends were waiting for us. We tied the aircraft down and went to a restaurant to celebrate our adventure and safe arrival.
At Moorabbin Airport
The Auster was my favourite of the three aircraft that I owned. I sold it after owning it for over 10 years.
I Buy a Grumman
I had always like the Grumman AA series aircraft since I saw the prototype designed by American Jim Bede in an Aircraft magazine. The aircraft was the first in the world to have the airframe glued together with composite, hot cured glue, rather than riveted, drastically reducing airflow drag, giving it
John with the Wright Brothers Flyer, Smithsonian, Washington DC
Grumman AA1C Lynx
exceptional performance. One day I saw an ad for a second hand AA1 in the Age. I Immediately rang the owner and went out to Colestream airport to see it. I fell in love with it straight away and bought it there and then. The Grumman was totally different to the previous two aircraft, it was high speed and used lots of runway, cruising at 220km/h, fast for a single engine airplane.
The Australian Bi-Centennial Air Race - we came 3rd
With Jamal in the Grumman '94
I sold the Grumman when I retired in 1997 after surviving 33 years of memorable fun flying.
Kerobokan Home Office News - September 2008
Page 17
 
To celebrate Indonesia's Independence Day August 17, we continue a special series on Indonesian National Heroes. Many visitors to Bali will be familiar with many of the names as many streets are named after them. Often not even the locals know exactly who the heroes are and what they did.
Gusti Ngurah Rai
Second in our series is Gusti Ngurah Rai, the name known by many visitors to Bali as the name of Bali's Denpasar International airport. 
Bali's Ngurah Rai Airport
Gusti Ngurah Rai was one of the most famous figures in Balinese history. Bali had been part of a Dutch colony with the roots of colonization going back to 1595 when 4 Dutch ships arrived in Kuta (on that first voyage some of the 
Gusti Ngurah Rai
crew went AWOL and 2 settled in Bali). Bali came under total Dutch control in 1909, but WWII showed the Balinese that the Dutch could be sent packing. In 1946 the Dutch, after being expelled by the Japanese, returned to Bali to re-take control of the island. 
Rp 50,000 note featuring
Gusti Ngurah Rai
The Balinese were not that organized but an army officer named Gusti Ngurah Rai formed the TKR (People’s Military Force). 
Out numbered and out gunned, Ngurah Rai’s plan was to use guerrilla tactics and disrupt the Dutch control. He planned to base his forces on the slopes of Gunung Agung, this tactic being known locally as ‘Long March to Gunung Agung’. In total there were only 97 Balinese fighters and the Dutch managed to chase them from their base and intercept them at Marga in Tabanan, where they were wiped out in a battle. Gusti Ngurah Rai died but is remembered as a hero. 
 Statue On Jl Gatot Subroto
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